SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems monitor and control industrial processes. SCADA systems are critical for manufacturing operations. Security is essential to prevent disruption.

SCADA Architecture

SCADA systems consist of sensors, controllers, and human-machine interfaces (HMI). Sensors measure process variables: temperature, pressure, flow. Controllers execute control logic based on sensor inputs.

HMI displays process status and enables operator control. SCADA systems communicate over industrial networks. Modern SCADA systems use standard protocols like Modbus and OPC.

"SCADA security breaches can cause production losses exceeding $1M per hour"

Process Monitoring

SCADA systems monitor processes continuously. Alarms alert operators to abnormal conditions. Historical data enables trend analysis and predictive maintenance.

Real-time dashboards provide visibility into process status. Operators can see which equipment is running, production rates, and quality metrics.

SCADA Elements

  • Sensors
  • Controllers
  • HMI displays
  • Network communication
  • Alarms
  • Historical data

Process Control

SCADA systems execute control logic automatically. Setpoints define desired process values. Controllers adjust equipment to maintain setpoints. Feedback loops ensure stable operation.

Manual override enables operators to intervene when necessary. Interlocks prevent dangerous operations. Safety systems shut down processes if dangerous conditions occur.

Security

SCADA systems are increasingly targeted by attackers. Segment SCADA networks from corporate networks. Restrict access to SCADA systems. Require authentication for all access.

Monitor SCADA systems for unauthorized access and modifications. Keep SCADA systems patched and updated. Conduct regular security assessments.